学习者自主内在结构模型研究

Research on the Internal Structure Model of Learner Autonomy

根据Littlewood和Thanasoulas所提出的学习者自主内部成分和其形成的必要条件及其他有关文献,系统研究了影响学习者自主内部四个主要因素即动机、自我效能、元认知知识和学习策略对学习者自主的影响及其它们之间的相互关系,并提出了自主学习结构模型,并应用统计方法对自主学习结构模型进行定量的分析和验证。结果表明:(1)动机、自我效能、元认知知识和学习策略4个因素都和自主有显著的、较强的正相关;(2)这4个因素能解释自主绝大部分方差,表明这4个因素能较好对自主程度高低进行预测,证明了4个因素是自主的充分必要条件;(3)自主内部结构模型成立,证实了Littlewood和Thanasoulas的假设,证明了学习者自主内部结构是一个系统整体。最后,就如何推进和发展自主提出了相关建议。

The paper, based on Littlewood＇s components of learner autonomy and Thanasoulas＇ necessary and complete conditions for learner autonomy, analyzes four components or necessary conditions of learner autonomy i.e. motivation, self-efficacy, metacognitive knowledge and learning strategies, explores the relationship between these four variables and learner autonomy and constructs internal structure model of learner autonomy. The results show that： 1） Motivation, self-efficacy, metacognitive knowledge and learning strategies have positive significant causal relationships with learner autonomy; 2） These 4 variables can explain a considerable part of autonomy variance, which shows that those 4 variables are good predicators of learner autonomy; and proves that those 4 variables are necessary and sufficient conditions of learner autonomy; 3） The internal structure model of learner autonomy has been successfully constructed and it confirms Littlewood＇s and Thanasoulas＇ assumptions, and proves that motivation, self-efficacy, metacognitive knowledge, learning strategies and learner autonomy are a systematic whole. At last, some suggestions are given as for how to promote learner autonomy.