气溶胶中总α、总β测量方法研究及山西省气溶胶放射性水平监测分析

Methods for measuring gross α and gross β in aerosol and monitoring of radioactivity levels in environmental aerosol samples from Shanxi Province

结合气溶胶总α、总β放射性监测工作的需要,就气溶胶样品的放置时间、灰化温度和灰化时间对核素损失的影响以及测量样品的厚度对探测效率的影响进行了优化实验,并用优化后的方法对山西省大同、临汾、太原三个地区2014—2015两年的气溶胶样品进行了监测分析。结果表明:大同、临汾两个点位的总α、总β放射性活度浓度要低于太原两个点位,4个监测点位的总放射性水平均呈现一、四季度高于二、三季度的特点。

To meet the requirements for monitoring gross α/β activity in aerosol samples,experiments were conducted for optimization considering of the influence of sample storage time,ashing temperature,and ashing time on the loss of radionuclides in aerosol samples,as well as the influence of sample thickness on detection efficiency. With this optimized method,aerosol samples from Datong,Linfen,and Taiyuan of Shanxi province during 2014 and 2015 were analyzed. The results indicated that the gross α and gross β activities in aerosol samples collected from Datong and Linfen were lower than those from Taiyuan,and the gross activities in aerosol samples from all four monitoring sites were higher in the first and fourth quarter than those in the second and third quarter.