管花肉苁蓉人工控制寄生技术研究

Study of Manual Control Parasitism Technology of Cistanche tubulosa

目的研究建立名贵中药材肉苁蓉的基源植物管花肉苁蓉Cistanche tubulosa的人工控制寄生技术,加强其资源保护与利用。方法运用人工控制寄生培养的方法,主要对寄主柽柳树龄、寄生接种时间、寄生接种种子量进行筛选;运用高效液相色谱法,对生产的管花肉苁蓉中松果菊苷和毛蕊花糖苷含量进行分析。结果 1年生、2年生、3年生的柽柳植株均能与管花肉苁蓉形成寄生,1年生柽柳植株的成活率和寄生率均最高,分别为97%和91%;在四月上旬、五月上旬、六月上旬、九月上旬进行接种,管花肉苁蓉与1年生柽柳植株均能形成寄生,四月上旬寄生率最高,为93%;接种种子量对管花肉苁蓉寄生率、寄生体数量存在显著影响,0.02 g为最适宜的接种量。人工控制寄生条件下,2年生管花肉苁蓉的松果菊苷和毛蕊花糖苷含量均高于药典标准。结论人工控制寄生技术寄生效率高,生产质量好,可为管花肉苁蓉规范化生产提供有力的技术保障。

Objective To establish the manual parasitism technology of Cistanche tubulosa,which was the original species of rare Cistanche Herb,and strengthen the protection of resources and the utilization of C. tubulosa. Methods The host age,inoculation time and inoculation seed weight were studied by the manual parasitism technology. The echinacoside and verbascoside were analyzed by HPLC（ high performance liquid chromatography）. Results 1 year-old,2 year-old and 3 year-old Tamarix chinensis plants could all be parasitized by C. tubulosa. The survival rate and parasitism rate of 1 year-old T. chinensis plants,which were the highest,were 97% and 91%,respectively. The C. tubulosa could all parasite 1 year-old T. chinensis plants when inoculated in the first ten days in April,May,June and September. The parasitism rate of C. tubulosa in the first ten days of April,which was the highest,was 93%. The inoculation seed weight had significant effect on parasitism rate and parasitic body number,and 0. 02 g was the appropriate. The echinacoside and verbascoside in 2 year-old C. tubulosa plant cultured by manual control parasitism technology both were higher than pharmacopoeia standard. Conclusion The manual parasitism technology had high parasitism efficiency and good production quality,and would provide stronge technical support for standardization production of C. tubulosa.