蒸汽冷凝过程流动与传热研究综述

A Review on the Research of Flow and Heat Transfer in Steam Condensing

蒸汽冷凝是电站汽轮机组乏汽低温放热的核心过程。针对国内外涉及蒸汽冷凝过程的流动与传热,以及相关数学建模等方面的研究进行了系统综述。针对蒸汽冷凝过程的基础研究,重点考察了管外蒸汽冷凝、管内蒸汽冷凝、平板表面冷凝等几种常见情况。针对蒸汽冷凝过程的数学建模,重点考察了蒸汽冷凝过程传热特性机理的建模、多向流动的数学模型、以及涉及数值计算方法等方面的研究。基于行业发展需求,文中提出应加强蒸汽冷凝过程中气-液两相界面边界层内动量传递、传热传质机理等相互作用机制进行研究,并重点研究不凝气体对冷凝过程的定量影响机制以及相关过程的动态特性,以进一步把握冷凝过程的科学本质,保障工业应用过程的系统安全。

The exhaust steam of steam turbine dischargers its latent heat through condensing process, which is of great importance to build the Rankine Cycle in power station. The research on the mechanism of flow and heat transfer in condensing process and its mathematical modeling is reviewed thoroughly home and abroad. As to the fundamental research, the condensing phenomena outside a tube, inside a tube and at the surface of a plate are reviewed respectively. As to the mathematical modeling, the modeling of heat transfer mechanism, multi-phase flow, and computational methodology are also reviewed comprehensively. In view of the increasingly urgent call for higher efficiency, more intelligence and finer control in modem industry, the interaction mechanisms of momentum, heat and mass transfer in the layer between the gas-liquid phases, the influencing mechanism of non- condensable gas, and the transient response characteristics in condensing process need further study.