流动老年人口自评健康状况及影响因素有序logistic回归分析

Status and influencing factors of self-rated health among floating elderly population: an analysis with ordinal logistic regression

目的了解中国流动老年人群体自评健康现状及其影响因素,为有针对性制定流动老年人口健康相关政策提供参考依据。方法利用2015年全国流动人口动态监测调查数据,对全国32个样本点的12 153名流动老年人口自评健康状况及其影响因素进行有序logistic回归分析。结果流动老年人口自评健康为不健康的占11.00%,自评为基本健康和健康的分别占44.03%、44.97%;不同性别、教育程度、朋友数、流动原因、收入来源、流动时间、锻炼时间、是否患慢性病、是否体检的流动老年人群之间差异有统计学意义(均P<0.01);多因素回归分析表明,性别、年龄、教育程度、流动时间、是否患慢性病、锻炼身体时间、生小病处理方式、流入地朋友数对流动老年人口的自评健康有显著影响(均P<0.01)。结论流动老年人口自评健康较一般老年人口自评健康更为积极,健康意识因素(如锻炼身体时间、生小病处理方式等因素)和社会支持因素(如流入地朋友数等因素)对流动老年人口的自评健康有显著影响。

Objective To examine status quo of self-rated health and its influencing factors among floating elderly population in China and to provide references for improving health literacy in the population. Methods Data on 12 153 floating persons aged 〉 60 years in 32 survey sites was derived from the dataset of National Dynamic Monitoring Survey on Floating Population in 2015. Ordinal logistic regression model was adopted to analyze influencing factors of self-rated health among the participants. Results Of the participants, 44. 97 %, 44.03 %, and 11.00% reported having healthy, basically healthy, and unhealthy condition, respectively. The self-reported health differed significantly by gender, educa- tion, the number of friends, the reason of migration, the source of income, the duration of migration, time of physical exer- cise, whether suffering from chronic disease, and whether having physical examination among the participants （P 〈 0. 01 for all）. The results of multivariate logistic regression revealed that significant influencing factors of self-reported health included gender, age, education, duration of migration, whether suffering from chronic disease, time of physical exercise, manner for dealing with minor illness, and number of friends in immigration area （ all P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusion The floating elderly population reported a better self-rated health than general elderly population; attitude towards health （physical exercise and manner dealing with minor illness） and social support （the number of friends in immigration are- a） are important impact factors for self-reported health among floating elderly population.