北京2012—2015学年大中小学生乙类传染病流行特征分析

Prevalence characteristics of category B infectious diseases among students in Beijing, 2012-2015

目的了解2012—2015学年北京市大中小学生乙类传染病流行病学特征,为北京市各阶段学校乙类传染病防控提供数据支持和决策依据。方法学生乙类传染病数据来源于"中国传染病报告信息管理系统",采用描述流行病学方法 ,对北京市2012—2015学年大中小学生乙类传染病资料进行分析。结果北京市2012—2015学年大中小学生报告乙类传染病病例共18种9 918例,3学年平均报告发病率为162.99/10万。报告发病数居前5位的病种依次为猩红热、痢疾、肺结核、艾滋病(含HIV)和梅毒。其中小学生报告发病率最高,为238.64/10万;初中生发病率最低,为76.16/10万。结论北京市大中小学生乙类传染病发病趋势近3年总体趋势一致,乙类传染病防控重点人群为小学生,重点病种为猩红热;大学生中艾滋病(含HIV)病例近年来逐年升高,应开展性教育工作。

Objective To examine the prevalence of infectious diseases of category B among students in Beijing city from September 1,2012 through August 31,2015, and to provide a data support for making prevention policies. Methods Data on reported cases of category B infectious disease among students in Beijing municipality were collected from National Network-based Infectious Diseases Reporting System. Descriptive epidemiological methods were adopted to ana- lyze the data. Results Totally 9 918 students suffering from infectious diseases of category B were reported in Beijing during the 3-year period and the average incidence rate was 162. 99/100 000. Scarlet fever ,dysentery ,tuberculosis, syphi- lis, and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome （ AIDS ） （ including human immunodeficiency virus I HIV 1 infection） were the top five diseases with higher number of cases reported. The reported morbidity of the category B infectious diseases was the highest （238. 64/100 000） among primary school students and the lowest （76. 16/100 000） among junior high school students. Conclusion The incidence category B infectious diseases remained stable among school students in Bei- jing city between 2012 and 2015; the study results suggest that more concerns should be paid to the prevention of category B disease among pupils and the control of scarlet fever; in addition,AIDS （HIV） related sexual health educa- tion needs to be promoted among college students to reduce the incidents of the disease.