珠海市PM_(2.5)时空分布特征及其成因分析

Spatial Temporal Variation Characteristics and Reason Analysis of PM_(2.5) Concentration in Zhuhai

选取2015年珠海市国控监测站ρ(PM_(2.5))数据,分析PM_(2.5)中有机碳(OC)、元素碳(EC)、水溶性离子组分等化学组成,ρ(PM_(2.5))时空分布特征,以及与气象因素的相互关系。结果表明,2015年珠海市PM_(2.5)年均值为31.0μg/m3,表现出显著的时间分布规律,月均值呈现"V"型趋势,PM_(2.5)中主要化学组分是有机物(OM),占总质量的34.0%,其次是硫酸根(SO2-4),占总质量的26.9%,具有明显的季节分布特征,呈现冬高夏低分布;ρ(PM_(2.5))日变化呈现双峰型分布,其值工作日显著高于非工作日;ρ(PM_(2.5))与平均温度、相对湿度、风速呈现负相关关系,与气压呈现显著正相关关系;珠海市ρ(PM_(2.5))空间分布总体呈现"东高西低,北重南轻"变化趋势,有机物、SO2-4和NH+4空间分布呈现东部高于西部趋势,颗粒物浓度受地形、气候因素和海域环境等影响呈现多样化分布趋势。

Data of p（ PM 2 5 ）, which were obtined from a state-controlled monitorin/ station of Zhuhai, were used to analyze themain components of PM 2 5 incliidin/ or/anic carlDon （ OC ）, elemental carbon （ E C ） and water soluble ions.variation characteristics of p（ PM 2 5 ） and the relationship with meteorolo/ical factors were analyzed as well. The annual concentrationof PM 2 5 in 2015 were 31.0 %/m 3 ,it showed prominent temporal variation, and the variation of monthly avera/ed valiaes showedsingle “V” pattern. The PM 2 5 pollution days were mainly concentrated in fall and winter. Or/anic matter （ OM ） was the main chemical composition of PM 2 5 , which accounted for 34. 0＇ , followed by S O ! - ,which accounted for 26. 9 ＇ . They showed si/nificant characteristic of seasonal variation,their concentation in winter were hi/her than thatPM 2 5 concentation showed a bimodal distribution. The values in workdays were much lar/er than that in non-workdays. Ne/ativecorrelation were found amon/ p（ PM 2 5 ） and daily avvra/e temperature,wind speed and relative humidity,while positive correlationwere observed between p（ PM 2 5 ） and the air pressure. Thedistribution of p（ PM 2 5 ） were derived by I D W m e t h o d,which depicted from the fi/ure that the de/ree of pollution decreased from the west to the east and the south to the nortli of Zhuhai. The spatial distribution of OM ,SO and NH! ＋ presented a descendin/ order from the east to the west, Particle concentration was affected bytopo/raphy and climate factors and marine environment, therefor it presented diversified distribution.