流域水资源保护冲突的博弈研究

Research on gaming of conflicts in water conservation of watershed

流域水资源是典型的准公共产品,具有非排他性和竞争性的特征。为了避免"公地悲剧"现象出现,从政府、企业和农民三方利益主体出发,对这三方利益主体的两两博弈形势进行分析,明确政府的公共责任主体、企业的社会责任主体、社会的监督责任主体的地位;提出完善异地开发补偿制度,以达到减少流域间利益冲突的目。同时,设立科学合理的政府绩效评估指标,对政府工作进行监督和激励;加大法律责任追究力度,增强企业的责任意识;健全环境保护公众参与制度,加大社会公众的配合。通过政府、社会和企业三者的联动,有效形成"三位一体"相辅相成的和谐治水护水的美好景象。

The water resource of watershed is a typical quasi-public product characterized by nonexcludability and competitiveness.In an effort to prevent "Tragedy of the common",the three interest bodies of government,enterprises and farmers serve as the starting point to analyze the pairwise gaming situation of them,so as to highlight the status of public responsibility subject for government,social responsibility subject for enterprises,and surveillance responsibility subject for the society.The suggestion of perfecting the system of compensating for development in different places to reduce the conflict of interests among different watersheds was put forward.In the meanwhile,it is suggested that scientific and reasonable government performance evaluation indices should be established to monitor and stimulate the government work; more efforts should be made to held the violators legally accountable to enhance the enterprises' awareness of responsibility and the system of public participation in environmental protection should be improved to enhance the public cooperation.Then a nice landscape of harmonious water control and protection will be presented,in which the trio of government,society and enterprises are linked to supplement each other.