民国时期《茶花女》剧作的四种译本考述

Textual Research on the Four Translations of "La Traviata" in the Period of the Republic of China

清末,王钟声曾据小说《茶花女》的情节编演了《新茶花》一剧,这是国内第一次以话剧的形式演出《茶花女》的记载。开此先河之后,许多人曾跃跃欲试将小仲马的五幕话剧《茶花女》翻译到中国,民国期间就先后有徐卓呆、刘半农、陈绵与吴文江的《茶花女》译本出现。比较四种译本后可看出他们四人在剧情结构、语句与翻译理念层面的取舍上存在着许多不同之处,从历时的角度体现出时代语言环境的变迁对翻译策略以及译本的具体形态所产生的影响。

In the late Qing Dynasty, New Camellia directed by Wang Zhongsheng adapted from La Traviata was the first drama performance of the novel at home. From then on, many people tried to translate the five acts drama by Alexandre Dumas Fils into Chinese, such as Xu Zhuodai, Liu Bannong, Cheng Mian and Wu Wenjiang in the period of the Republic of China. From comparison among the four translations, many different choices of plot structure, sentences and translation ideas among the four people can be found. From diachronic perspective, the context change of situation shows its influence on translation strategy and the specific form of translated version.