“罢黜百家,独尊儒术”的价值导向研究

Value Orientation of “the Abolishment of All Other Schools in Political Ideology but Confucianism Adopted Valid”

由于不同时代、不同区域学者的认知水平、文化背景、学术语境、信仰、时空观念不同,研究者的技术路径依赖,对"罢黜百家,独尊儒术"造成了"百家争鸣,众说纷纭"的局面。从媒体历史学的角度看,"罢黜百家,独尊儒术"的争论不仅仅是其存在与否的问题,而在于作为媒体主题引发儒学价值融合与创生的问题。对"罢黜百家,独尊儒术"主题引发的文化情境分析,既可以是对司马迁撰写《史记》的分析,也可以是在此基础上对《儒林列传》董仲舒的分析;还可以是对班固及其《董仲舒传》的分析,甚至对当现代学者及其研究"罢黜百家,独尊儒术"的分析。从媒体历史和文化情境论分析就会发现"罢黜百家,独尊儒术"仅仅是一种文化隐喻,它所获得的价值和意义取决于特定历史时代、特定的主体。

Due to the differences of the cognitive level, cultural background, academic context, belief and concept of time and space of the scholars in different times or different regions, the researchers’ reliance on technical ways changes the phase of “the abolishment of all other schools in political ideology but confucianism adopted valid” into that of “A hundred schools of thought contend and public opinions are divergent”. From the perspective of media history, the controversy over “the abolishment of all other schools in political ideology but confucianism adopted valid” is not the issue of whether it exists or not but the issue that, as the theme of media, it causes the integration and originality of Confucian value. The analysis of cultural context that is caused by the theme of “the abolishment of all other schools in political ideology but confucianism adopted valid” can be that of The Records of the Grand Historian by Sima Qian, Collected Biographies of Confucians by Dong Zhongshu and Ban Gu as well as The Biography of Dong Zhongshu by him, even that of modern scholars and their studies on “the abolishment of all other schools in political ideology but confucianism adopted valid”. Analyzing “the abolishment of all other schools in political ideology but confucianism adopted valid” from the perspectives of media history and the theory of cultural context, we may find that it is only a kind of cultural metaphor, and the value and significance that it may get depend on specific historical period as well as specific subject.