北京市某区3类职业人群心理服务需求与生活满意度分析

Demands for mental health service and life satisfaction among 3 types of occupational populations in some district of Beijing

目的了解北京市某区不同职业人群的心理服务需求特点和生活满意度状况,并分析其影响因素。方法 2016年8-11月,我们采用分层随机抽样方法抽取北京市某区11个社区的922名年龄≥18岁的职业人群(企事业单位人员、工程技术人员、医务人员)为调查对象,应用一般情况调查表、心理服务需求调查表、生活满意度量表(SWLS)进行问卷调查。结果 50.8%的被调查者认为了解心理健康知识很有必要;57.4%的人通过与亲友讨论的方式排解消极情绪;希望获得的心理健康服务形式居前4位的依次为免费心理咨询、科普讲座、团体心理辅导和网络咨询,希望获得的心理健康服务内容依次为抑郁/焦虑问题、人际关系问题、婚恋问题、精神类疾病;生活满意度(SWLS)测量中感到满意的人占47.0%,感到不满意的占53.0%。Logistic回归分析结果显示,婚姻状况为已婚、规律的饮食习惯、良好的健康状况是生活满意度的保护因素,而男性、对睡眠情况的不满意是生活满意度的危险因素(均P<0.05)。结论北京市某区3类职业人群的心理服务需求在态度上较为积极,但对待心理咨询上较保守。总体生活满意度处于中等水平,而且受性别、学历、职业、婚姻状况、睡眠情况、三餐饮食状况、自评健康状况等因素影响。

Objective To investigate demands for mental health service and life satisfaction among occupational population in some district of Beijing. Methods From August to November 2016, 922 participants from 11 communities in one district of Beijing by stratified sampling were asked to complete a general demographic characteristics questionnaire, demands of mental health service questionnaire, Satisfaction with Life Scale（SWLS）.Results 50.8% of the participants believed that understanding of mental health knowledge was necessary, and57. 4% of them sorted out negative emotions by discussing with friends and relatives. The top four form of mental health services were free psychological counseling,science lectures,group counseling and network counseling. The content of mental health service was expected to be depression/anxiety problem, interpersonal relationship, marriage problems,mental illness. Life satisfaction of participants was 47. 0% and the dissatisfied rate of them was accounted for 53. 0%. The result of logistic regression analysis indicated that married, regular eating habits, good health status were the protection of occupational life satisfaction factors. Yet, men and the poor sleep situation were risk factors of life satisfaction（P 〈0. 05）. Conclusions 3 types of occupational populations have a more positive attitude of demands for mental health service,but more conservative attitude towards psychological counseling in the district of Beijing.General life satisfaction level of the occupational population was medium, which can be influenced by the gender,educational background,occupation type, marital status,sleep situation,diet and self-rated health status.