流动老人的心理健康及影响因素分析——基于南京的调查发现

Analysis of the Psychological Health of the Migrating Elderly and Its Influencing Factors:Based on a Survey in Nanjing

基于南京市流动老人的调查发现,人口流动对于老年人的心理健康存在双重作用机制,一方面人口流动具有健康选择机制,使得流动老人的心理健康状况优于本地居民,但另一方面流动本身也存在诸多不利于心理健康的风险因素,对流动老人的心理健康产生负面影响。数据分析显示:流动老人在流入地时间长短对其心理健康呈现非线性影响,即在流动初期,心理健康水平有下降趋势,但随着时间的推移,心理健康水平逐渐转好;社会交往、是否与老伴一起流动、社区服务水平也是影响流动老人心理健康状况的重要因素。

Based on the survey data of Nanjing elderly migration, the pthe flowing elderly, the flow process has a two - w a y influence m e c h a n i s m： one one h a n d, it is ahealth choice mechanism, which m a k e s the flowing elderly have a better psychological health than the local ones; on the other hand, it has a negative impact on mental healtli. Analysis of data shows that the flow time of the elderly has nonlinear influence on their mental health. In the early stage, theirmental health decreases, but latter, the level of mental health gradually improved. Social c o m m u n i c a-tion is an important factor that affects the mental healt!i o f t!ie esocial networks can enhance the mental health of the elderly. T h e c ommunity iaffecting the level of psychological health of the elderly, the higher the satisfaction of tcommunity life , thecorrespondingmental health status is better. T h e government should to the health needs of the elderly, and provide help and support for