妊娠期妇女心电图短P-R间期的发生机制及临床价值分析

The mechanism and clinical value of short P-R interval on ECGs of pregnant women

目的探讨妊娠期妇女心电图短P-R间期的发生机制及临床价值。方法随机选择2016年1月至2017年1月本院收治的妊娠期妇女1 286例作为研究对象,依据妊娠周数进行分组,其中A组共422例(妊娠周数≤13周),B组共487例(13周<妊娠周数<28周),C组共377例(妊娠周数≥28周),另选择同时间段本院接收的健康适龄非妊娠女性体检者100例作为对照组。对四组均进行心电监测,记录心电图短P-R间期发生次数,并观察窦性心动过速、贫血等发生情况。结果 B组和C组心电图短P-R间期发生率分别为4.52%和7.16%,显著高于对照组的1.00%和A组的1.18%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);A组、B组、C组贫血发生率分别为3.79%、7.39%和11.40%,均显著高于对照组的0.00%;B组、C组窦性心动过速发生率为4.11%、7.96%,又显著高于对照组和A组的0.00%、1.66%。随着妊娠周数增加,贫血与窦性心动过速发生率也显著增多,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论与健康适龄非妊娠女性体检者相比,中期和晚期妊娠妇女心电图短P-R间期明显增多,认为孕周增加是引发短P-R间期的重要原因,且短P-R间期与贫血、心率增快有关。

Objective To discuss the mechanism and clinical value of short P-R interval on ECGs of pregnant women. Methods A total of 1 286 pregnant women were randomly selected from patients admitted into our hospital from January 2016 to January 2017. According to gestational weeks,they were divided into group A( 422 cases,≤13 weeks),group B( 487 cases,13 < gestational weeks < 28) and group C( 377 cases,≥ 28 weeks). Another 100 healthy non-pregnant women of the right age were taken as control group,who had undergone physical examination in our hospital during the same time period. ECG monitoring was performed on the three groups with the frequency of short P-R interval recorded,and the occurrence of sinus tachycardia and anemia was observed. Results The incidence of short P-R interval in group B and C was separately 4. 52% and7. 16%,significantly higher than 1. 00% in control group and 1. 18% in group A,with statistically significant differences( P < 0. 05). The incidence of anemia in group A,B and C was separately3. 79%,7. 39% and 11. 40%,all significantly higher than 0. 00% in control group. The incidence of sinus tachycardia in group B and C was separately 4. 11% and 7. 96%,also significantly higherthan 0. 00% in control group and 1. 66% in group A. With the increasement of gestational weeks,the incidences of anemia and sinus tachycardia also markedly elevated( P < 0. 05). Conclusion Compared with healthy non-pregnant check-up females of the right age,the incidence of short P-R interval significantly increased in middle and late pregnancy women. It is believed that increased gestational weeks contribute greatly to the occurrence of short P-R interval which is related to anemia and increased heart rate.