三峡库区重庆段2014-2016年汉坦病毒鼠类宿主监测分析

Monitoring analysis of rodent host of Hantavirus in Chongqing section of Three Gorges Reservoir during 2014-2016

目的通过对三峡库区重庆段2014-2016年汉坦病毒鼠类宿主的监测分析,分析鼠种构成及带毒特征,为三峡库区重庆段肾综合征出血热的防治提供依据。方法在三峡库区重庆段设置4个监测点,每年捕获鼠类宿主动物,分类后取其肺组织应用聚合酶链反应(PCR)方法进行汉坦病毒检测分型及带毒率分析。结果 2014-2016年在各监测点总共捕鼠8种637只,其中黄胸鼠280只,占总捕获数43.96%,平均鼠密度为3.94%;鼠肺汉坦病毒检出阳性35份,均为汉城型病毒,带毒率为5.49%;室内(4.59%)和户外鼠密度(3.39%)差异有统计学意义(χ~2=15.32,P<0.05);主城区鼠密度(0.88%)与区县鼠密度(6.04%)差异有统计学意义(χ~2=272.88,P<0.05)。结论三峡库区重庆段多种鼠类携带汉城型病毒,优势鼠种为黄胸鼠,主城区以外的各区县更应加强鼠患的防治。

Objective To analyze the composition of rodent host species and the viruliferous rat rate of Hantavirus,so as to offer essential scientific basis for hemorrhagic fever of renal syndrome（HFRS）prevention and control in Chongqing section of Three Gorges Reservoir.Methods Four monitoring stations were set in Chongqing section of Three Gorges Reservoir,and rats were captured every year during 2014-1016.Rats were taxonomically identified and their lung tissues were collected and tested for Hantavirus nucleotide sequences and host infection rate by real-time PCR test.Results Eight kinds of 637 rats were captured during2014-2016 included 280 rattus flavipectus（43.96%）.The average density of rodents was 3.94%.A total of 35 Hantavirus nucleotide positive lung samples were detected with uniform genotype Seoul virus（SEOV）.The rate of Hantavirus carrier was 5.49%.The difference of the density of rodents had statistical significance between outdoor（3.39%）and indoor（4.59%）（χ~2=15.32,P〈0.05）.And the difference of the density of rodents had statistical significance in main city zone（0.88%）compared with other districts（6.04%）（χ~2=272.88,P〈0.05）.Conclusion Only genotype SEOV of Hantavirus is found in rodent host in this study and the dominant rat species is rattus flavipectus in Chongqing section of Three Gorges Reservoir.The districts far from main city zone should strengthen the prevention and control of the rodents.