放牧藏系绵羊生长发育及体重变化规律研究

Study on Growth Performance and Bodyweight Variation of Grazing Tibetan Sheep

[目的]阐述放牧藏系绵羊生长发育及体重变化规律.[方法]在甘肃省临潭县选取1岁后备母羊32只,进行体重测定及草场牧草观察.[结果]1岁藏系绵羊后备母羊的生长发育和营养状况呈明显地季节性变化,在冬末春初乏草期,藏系绵羊后备母羊的生长发育停滞,营养状况最差,体重下降约10.14%,与其他季节增重差异极显著(P<0.01).在牧草返青期,羊只营养状况开始恢复,与初始体重相比增加9.98%.在夏季牧草生长旺盛期,羊只生长发育最快,体重增加49.38%,增重约占初始体重的50%,与其他季节差异极显著(P<0.01);在秋季羊只营养状况最好,体重达到一年中的最大值,进入冬季枯草期,营养状况又开始变差,生长发育滞缓.[结论]放牧藏系绵羊的体重呈季节性变化,依据放牧绵羊生长及增重规律,在全年予以适时补饲和及时出栏,有利于降低草场载畜量,缓解草畜矛盾,促进牧民增收牧业增效.

[ Objective] In order to elaborate the grazing growth and bodyweight variation of Tibetan sheep . [ Method] We carried out the experi-ment in Lintan County of Gansu Province,weight was determined,and forage of pasture was observed. [Result] The growth and nutrition status of 1 year old Tibetan sheep reserve ewes was obviously effected by seasonal variation. In late winter and early spring grass lack period,the growth and development of reserve ewes were stagnant,the nutritional status was the worst,and the bodyweight loss was about 10. 14% ,compared to other seasons, the daily weight gain was extremely significant （ P 〈 0. 01） , and the weight was the least. In the grass germination period, the nutrition of sheep recovered,bodyweight increased about 9.98%. In the grass vigorously grow period,the growth and development of sheep were the fastest, and the weight increased about 49. 38% ,almost increased 50% of the initial weight,the daily weight gain was extremely significant （P〈0. 01）. In the autumn,the bodyweight reached the biggest of the year. When winter comes,the nutrition status go from bad to worse. [Conclusion] Ac-cording to the growth law of grazing sheep,timely feeding and slaughter should carry out throughout the year,it is beneficial to reduce the grass-land carrying capacity, alleviate the contradiction between the grass and livestock, increase herders5 income and enhance the animal husbandry benefit.