政府购买社会服务:理论预设与实践检验

Contracting Out of Social Services:Theoretical Assumption and Practice Test

政府购买社会服务作为政府转变职能,提供公共服务的一种方式,受到许多国家的青睐。竞争出绩效作为政府购买社会服务背后的理论预设,其实现有赖于竞争是否真的存在。通过国际案例与本土实践材料,从竞争者、实施方式与监督管理等三个方面检验了竞争出绩效的三个成立条件。结果表明:无论是在有民营化传统的国家,还是像在中国这样有政府办社会传统又大力推行政社分开的国家中,都存在着竞争者不足、公平竞争不够充分以及监督管理能力不足的情况。所以,要真正发挥政府购买社会服务的作用,还需要在创造条件方面做出更多的努力。

Contracting out of social services is favored by many countries and served as a way of changing the government＇s functions and providing public services. Performance comes from competition is believed by the people who stand for contracting out of social services. Whether this theoretical assumption can become a reality depends on whether the competition exists really. From the competitors, the implementation and the supervision and management of the purchases of service contracting, this article examines the three conditions of performance coming from competition by some international cases and local materials. The results show that the competitors are not always enough, the competitions are inadequate to some degree, and the supervision and management ability is often insufficient not only in China but also in other counties which have a strong traditional of privatization. It is important to make more efforts to reach the conditions if we want to really play to the role of the contracting out of social services.