基于英汉比较的语法隐喻再分类

Recategorization of Grammatical Metaphors Based on Contrastive Studies of English and Chinese

判断语法隐喻式和一致式的标准有很多,其中之一是句子的表述意义相同时,不同语言形式因为其语义表达和人们认知原型的距离不同而体现出不同的隐喻程度,而这种距离又因语言使用者的母语迁移不同而不同。因此,在考虑语法隐喻的隐喻度时,必须考虑不同语言间的差异。本文通过实证研究,首先证实了母语为汉语的说英语者对语法隐喻的理解是基于汉语的语义原型;其次根据实验结果将语法隐喻的传统分类模式结合英汉思维对比进行了重组,提出了适用于汉语母语者的语法隐喻分类模式。

Criteria abound when it comes to the differentiation of grammatical metaphors and their congruent counterparts. One of such criteria is the distance between the impression a syntactic expression makes on the speaker and the cognitive prototype of the corresponding semantics, which is inevitably affected by the speaker＇ s mother tongue. Therefore, it is essential to take the inter-language differences into consideration. Based on such an assumption and with two questionnaires, the paper verifies that the construe of grammatical metaphors by Chinese English-speakers is based on the semantic prototype shaped by their native language. Then it recategorizes the English grammatical metaphors in the light of the thinking patterns of the two langua- ges as well as the results of the questionnaires in order to make it suitable for Chinese English learners.