基于双向压制的“X就是任性”构式探析

A Tentative Study of X Jiushirenxing on the Basis of Two-Way Coercion

本文基于构式与词汇的双向压制理论,通过封闭语料对"X就是任性"构式从句法、语义和语用三个方面予以讨论。研究发现:1)根据句法结构和语义不同,构式可划分为两类。当X作指称语时,整个构式是一个命题,而当X作陈述语时,构式本质上由X和Y两个小句构成,它们之间是条件(或因果)关系。前者在数量上占绝对优势,达到86.3%。2)在构式压制作用下,"任性"的感情色彩发生了演化,97.6%的构式意义呈中性或褒义。这种词义演化以及构式与词汇的双向压制增强了构式的开放性,扩展了构式意义。3)构式本身的独特性使得更多人走上"任性"的舞台成为主角,使构式在网络空间迅速蔓延开来,这诠释了后现代张扬个性、追求时尚的时代特色。

Based on the theory of two-way coercion between construction and word and with closed corpus, this paper presents a study of X Jiushirenxing Construction from grammatical, semantic and pragmatic aspects. Our findings are as follows ： 1. Due to grammatical and semantic differences, the construction can be divided into two categories. When X functions as a designative, the construction is a statement, but when X is a declarative, the construction is essentially composed of two clauses, X and Y, and there is a conditional （or causal） relation between them; The former is overwhelming in quantity, covering 86.3%. 2. With construction coercion, Renxing has undergone a change of connotative meaning, from derogatory sense to commendatory sense, and 97.6 percent of the construction is commendatory or neutral ; Because of meaning evolution and two-way coercion between word and construction, the openness of the construction is reinforced and the meaning is expanded. 3. The uniqueness of the construction brings more people to be involved in the stage of Renxing, which leads to the rapid spread of the construction on interuet. This shows the oost-modernism features of being individualized and fashionable.