经颅超声多普勒在PICU的临床应用

Clinical application of transcranial Doppler ultrasonography in PICU

经颅超声多普勒（transcranialDopplerultrasonography，TCD）可以无创、实时监测脑血流变化，在神经系统疾病中，尤其是神经危重症的诊治中应用广泛。在创伤性脑损伤、颅内压增高、脑血管痉挛、中风、脑血管功能障碍、中枢神经系统感染、脑死亡等疾病的临床诊断和治疗中，TCD均可以发挥重要作用：一方面可以明确患儿的脑灌注情况，监测患儿对治疗的反应，指导治疗，提示预后；另一方面，通过分析脑血流的变化情况，可以分析疾病潜在的病理生理机制，提高对疾病的认识。本文就TCD对PICU神经危重症患儿的临床应用作一概述，从而加深对TCD的认识，为神经危重症患儿的监测和治疗提供更多帮助。

Transcranial Doppler ultrasonography （TCD）can be usd to monitor the cerebral blood flow changes noninvasively in real time. It provides important information for cerebrovascular hemodynamics in children with nervous system diseases,especially for the critically ill children. ＂TCD is widely used in diagnosis and therapy of traumatic brain injury, increased intracranial pressure, cerebral vasospasm, stroke, cerebral vascular dysfunction,central nervous system infection,brain death. TCD can reveal the cerebral perfusion and the response to the treatment and help to guide the treatment. Besides ,through the analysis of the change of the cerebrovascular hemodynamics, we can find the underlying pathophysiology mechanism of the diseases. In this paper, the application of TCD was reviewed to spread the use of TCD in monitoring and treantment of children in PICU.