抓斗下降时流场和最优下降方式的数值计算

Numerical Calculation of Flow Field and Optimal Operation During the Drop of Grab Bucket

疏浚作业时如何能有效减少水体浑浊,减轻污染一直是人们关注的问题。利用可以分析流体和固体间运动相互作用的数学模型,模拟了环保型抓斗下降过程中的流场情况,并讨论了不同下降方式对流场的影响,提出了能适度控制流场扰动的操作方法。结果表明:抓斗在下降过程中减速能有效减少底面流速,达到抑制底面浑浊的效果,其中抓斗在距离底面3m处减速为初始速度的1/3能最有效减少水体扰动从而抑制底面浑浊。研究结果可为环保型疏浚施工提供参考。

It is essential to effectively reduce the generation of turbidity and pollution in dredging works. In this paper,the flow field during the drop of a sealed grab bucket was simulated with a three-dimensional coupled fluidstructure-sediment-seabed interaction model( FS3 M),and the impact of different drop modes on turbidity was discussed in order to propose the optimal drop operation for reducing the turbidity effectively. Numerical results showed that a decrease in the drop speed of the bucket could effectively reduce flow velocity at the bottom,suggesting a reduction in the generation of turbidity from the bottom. In particular,reducing the drop speed of grab bucket to onethird at 3 meters from the bottom is found to be the most effective.