风险社会视阈下的气象风险预警与防范机制构建

Meteorological Risk Warning and Prevention Mechanism Construction from the Perspective of Risk Society

中国作为自然灾害最严重的国家之一,每年的气象灾害导致的损失严重。以贝克的风险社会理论为视阈,中国气象风险具有突发性、多变性、不确定性、不平衡性、危害性等特征。当前的气象管理体制存在理念滞后,预警机制不健全,信息发布机制不及时,责任追究机制形式化,法治保障机制不健全的弊端。因此,从强化风险意识、建立预警机制、建立气象风险信息共享机制、气象风险现场处理机制、气象风险信息发布机制、气象风险责任追究机制、气象风险教育机制、气象风险法律保障机制八个方面提出了具体的对策。

As one of the countries suffering from most serious natural disasters,China faces serious losses due to meteorological disasters every year.Based on Baker＇s risk-social theory,China＇s meteorological risks are characterized by suddenness,variability,uncertainty,imbalance and danger.The current meteorological management system has problems such as lagging-behind concepts,imperfect early-warning mechanism,delayed information release,formal accountability mechanism,and imperfect legal guarantee mechanism.Therefore,specific measures are put forward from eight aspects：strengthening risk awareness,establishing early warning mechanism,establishing meteorological risk information sharing mechanism,meteorological risk on-site processing mechanism,meteorological risk information release mechanism,meteorological risk accountability mechanism,meteorological risk education mechanism and meteorological risk legal guarantee mechanism.