高危型HPV感染导致宫颈癌发生的风险评估

Evaluation of high-risk human papilloma virus infection inducing cervical cancer

人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染致瘤的机制已经被阐明,高危型HPV感染可导致恶性肿瘤的发生,如宫颈癌等。宫颈高危型HPV感染常见,然而仅有少数发生恶性肿瘤,因此对其感染后致瘤风险的评估具有重要临床意义。高危型HPV持续感染是肿瘤发生的前提,机体的免疫功能失调是导致HPV不能被及时清除而造成持续感染的主要原因,病毒的类型是导致被感染的上皮细胞癌变的重要因素。

The oncogenic mechanism of human papilloma virus( HPV) has been elucidated,and high-risk HPV( HR-HPV)infection may cause malignancies such as cervical cancer. HR-HPV infection of the cervix is very common,while only a few cases of such infection develop into malignancy. Therefore,the evaluation of oncogenic risk of cervical HPV infection is of great clinical significance. Persistent HR-HPV infection of the cervix is mainly caused by immunological dysfunction-induced failure of HPV elimination and supposed to be the precondition of cervical cancer,while the type of HPV is an important factor for carcinogenesis of epithelial cells.