生物型人工肝的发展及现状

The development and status of bioartificial liver

肝功能衰竭是各种肝病发展的严重阶段,病死率高,目前尚无有效的治疗方法.人工肝支持系统是治疗肝功能衰竭的重要方法之一,其包括非生物型人工肝、生物型人工肝和混合型人工肝.目前,生物型人工肝是最接近人体肝脏解毒、合成、代谢功能的人工肝装置.由于肝脏功能复杂,使生物型人工肝在种子细胞的筛选、生物反应器的构建及与辅助装置的最佳组合方面面临较大挑战,导致生物型人工肝发展缓慢.本文从种子细胞来源、生物反应器、辅助装置和临床应用几个方面,对目前生物型人工肝的发展现状做一综述,以期为生物型人工肝的研究提供理论支持.

Liver failure is a serious stage during liver disease development of which mobidity is high. There is no effective treatment at present. Artificial liver support system is one of the important methods to treat liver failure which includes non-biological artificial liver,biological artificial liver and hybrid artificial liver. Among the artificial liver devices. The bioartificial liver is the most similar artifical liver device to human liver in terms of detoxification, synthesis and metabolism currently. The complexity of human liver function makes the biological artificial liver facing great challenges in selection of liver seed cells, construction of bioreactor and the best combination with auxiliary device,which leads to the slow development of bioartificial liver. In order to provide theoretical support for the study of bioartificial liver, the current status and its development are reviewed in the following aspects, the source of seed cells,the construction of bioreactor ,the combination of auxiliary devices and the clinical application of bioartificial liver in this article.