昆明市红帽蜡蚧的危害及发生规律研究

Damage and Occurrence Regularity of Ceroplastes centroroseus in Kunming

红帽蜡蚧是危害园林植物的重要害虫。于2014年6月至2016年6月调查了昆明市红帽蜡蚧的寄主植物、危害程度和发生规律。结果表明,昆明市有3科5种园林植物受到红帽蜡蚧危害,分别为常春藤、滇润楠、山玉兰、拟单性木兰和广玉兰,均为国内首次报道。红帽蜡蚧对常春藤的危害率及危害指数最高。该虫主要分布于树冠东面和西面的内侧,对叶片正面危害最严重。红帽蜡蚧在昆明市1年发生1代,以2龄若虫越冬,5月下旬开始产卵,每雌虫产卵量为696-2 652粒。应在冬季结合整形修剪剪除受害枝条,在若虫涌散期采用高压水枪冲洗来防治红帽蜡蚧,同时加强其寄生性天敌的研究与利用。

Cerplastes centroroseus is an gree, occurrence regularity of C. centro June 2016. The results showed that C. centroroseus in M. grandiflora and insect seriously harmful to garden plants. Host plant species, damage deroseus were investigated in Kunming, Yunnan Province during June 2014 to 5 species Of plants, belonging to 3 families, were damaged by the which, Hedera nepalensis, Machilus yunnanensis, Magnolia delavayi, reported for the first time. The maximum damage rate and damage index Kunming, among Parakmeria sp. were were caused by C. centroroseus on Hedera nepalensis. Most C. centroroseus individuals were distributed in the inner of east and west sides of the tree crown, and maximum damage was on the obverse leaves. The C. centroroseus has one generation in a year and hibernates as the second nymph stage in Kunming, the adults begin to lay eggs at the end of May, female adults lay eggs from 696 to 2 652. Suggestions to control this pest and the specific methods were as follows： to strengthen the cultivation and management of garden plants, use physical control as far as possible, protect the natural enemies, cut off the infested branches in winter, scour off the plant by water cannons when worm swarms, and strengthen the research and utilization of parasitic natural enemies at the same time.