甘蓝型油菜花期化学调控研究

A Study on Chemical Regulation of Flowering in Brassica napus

以观光为目的的油菜花对于增加油菜潜在价值具有重大贡献,然而,目前观光型油菜花期短,使得观光时期也偏短(约30 d)。为此,本试验拟从15种具有延长花期的化学试剂中筛选出对延长甘蓝型油菜花期有较好效果的试剂,并将筛选出的试剂进行组合处理,确定出一套最佳的延长油菜花期的化学调控方法。结果表明:2,4-D,吲哚乙酸,生长延缓剂可以分别延长油菜花期4,5,6 d,均在第一次喷施时期效果最好,且1×处理效果要比3×处理更好。但在后期试验中出现2,4-D会造成单个和组合处理中少量油菜花朵枯死。因此,组合试剂中,IAA+生长延缓剂组合效果最好,可以延长油菜花期6 d且无副作用。本研究筛选出的吲哚乙酸及IAA+生长延缓剂组合试剂具有延长油菜花期的作用,对于油菜花期化学调控具有重要的指导作用。

The sightseeing rapeseed has a significant contribution to increasing the potential value of rapeseed.However,the current flowering period of sightseeing type rape is short（ about 30 days）,which shortens the tourism period. In this experiment able to extend flowering period of Brassica napus,the reagents were screened from 15 kinds of chemical reagents.The selected reagents were combined with each other to obtain a best chemical control method to prolong the flowering period of rapeseed. The results revealed that 2,4-D,indole acetic acid and growth retardants could prolong the flowering period of rapeseed for 4 days,5 days and 6 days,respectively,and the effect was the best in the first spraying period（ a week before flowering）.Moreover,1× concentration treatment was found better than 3×.However,2,4-D in the later experiments resulted in withering of a small amount of rapeseed in individual and combined treatments. Therefore,combination of indole acetic acid＋growth retardant agents is the best and it can extend the flowering period of the rape for 6 days without side effects. In this study,the selected indole acetic acid and the combination reagent（ indole acetic acid＋ growth retardant） had the ability to prolong the flowering period of rapeseed,which offers an important guideline to the chemical regulation of rapeseed.