由“术”即“道”:止于至善——学校体育路径探析

From “shu”to “dao”: Aimed to Perfection——Analysis of School Sports Route

以人学观为视角通过文献资料、对比分析等方法,认为体育教师培养应从师范教育转向教师教育、学生要从知识的接受者转向主动学习者、教学设计要从知识传递型转向知识建构型、体育教学评价从工具理性转向价值理性,让学校体育回到育人至上的至善目标体系中.在对学生进行基于生命全过程的学校体育教育时,学前与小学阶段以启蒙体育为主,中学阶段要进行系统的体育学习,大学阶段主要培养学生自主运动的习惯.提出与生活融合下的学校体育发展路向:体育教育与健康教育一体化的"课堂教授+网上学习+素质锻炼+成绩考核+保险配套"的联动机制.

After a study from the perspective of human perspective and based on literature materials and comparative analysis,it is proposed that the training of PE teachers should shift from normal education to teacher education,students from the knowledge receiver to the active learner,the teaching design from knowledge transfer to knowledge construction,evaluation of PE teaching from instrumental rationality to value rationality so as to pull the school sports back to the system of"human-nurturing",the highest target of education. In the course of school physical education based on the whole life process of students,enlightenment sports should be the main task in pre-schools and primary schools,the systematic physical education study should be the main task in the middle school stage,and the cultivation of students' autonomous exercise habit should be the main task at the university stage. It also puts forward a route of developing school sports combined with life and a linkage mechanism of sports education integrated with health education,that is "classroom teaching + online learning + quality exercise + performance assessment + insurance supporting".