用于车架矫形的气锤的研制

Research on Pneumatic Hammer Used for Shape Righting of Bus Frame

基于冲击气缸研制了用于车架矫形的气锤,可以代替人工抡大锤砸车架。根据冲击气缸的打击能量大于人工抡大锤的打击能量,选用了冲击气缸的缸径和行程。设计了气锤控制电路,选用了控制电路所用的元器件,如开关、继电器和电磁阀等。采用悬挂装置,使气锤沿水平方向冲击车架,使用爪形装置钩住车架,以减少冲击时气锤的后退。采用电动葫芦升降气锤,电动葫芦固定在可以沿导轨行走的门架悬臂上。当气压达到0.5~0.6 MPa时,按下开关,经延时2~3 s后,锤头高速水平运动,被撞击的车架钢管发生了塑性变形,达到了矫直的要求。

Based on the impact pneumatic cylinder,the pneumatic hammer has been developed for shape righting of bus frame,it can replace artificial swing sledgehammer to the frame. According to that the blow energy of cylinder is greater than the blow energy made by artificial swing sledgehammer,inside diameter and stroke of the impact pneumatic cylinder were chosen. The control circuit of the pneumatic hammer was designed,the components used in the control circuit were chosen,such as switches,relays and solenoid valves,etc. Used suspension,the pneumatic hammer impacted frame along horizontal direction. The frame was hooked by the claw device,in order to reduce the pneumatic hammer back at the time of impact. The pneumatic hammer was lifted by the electric hoist that was fixed on the arm of the door frame,which can walk along a guide rail. When air pressure was 0.5-0.6 MPa,the switch was pressed,after delay 2-3 s,the pneumatic hammer head moved horizontally at high speed,plastic deformation of steel pipe of the frame occurred,the requirement of shape righting has been reached.