甘肃省定西市临洮县空巢老人慢性病患病情况调查分析

Investigation of the Prevalence and Determinants of Chronic Diseases Among Empty-nesters in Lintao of Dingxi city

目的:了解定西市临洮县当地空巢老人的慢性病患病现况及其相关影响因素,为当地政府及医疗机构提供有效的理论数据,以便促进当地空巢老人慢性病的防控及治疗.方法:采用整群随机抽样法对临洮县300名≥65岁空巢老人进行问卷调查,采用SPSS19.0进行统计分析.结果:定西市临洮县300名空巢老人,慢性病患病率为85.67%;患病率占前五位的疾病分别是高血压、风湿性关节炎、腰椎间盘突出、慢性胃肠炎、糖尿病,患病率依次为47.67%、45%、32.67%、21.67%、14.33%.慢性病患病因素单因素分析表明,性别、吸烟、饮酒、锻炼、睡眠状况及吃早餐与空巢老人患慢性病相关,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).调查的空巢老人中有53.33%的在日常生活中感到孤独,且有无孤独感与慢性病患病率差异有统计学意义(χ2=11.053,P<0.001).多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,老年人慢性病的发生与性别、年龄、是否有孤独感、睡眠状况、高盐高脂饮食、锻炼、高血压家族史等密切相关.结论:定西市临洮县空巢老人慢性病患病率高,空巢老人心理状况不佳,政府及社会对此的关注及投入仍存在极大的空缺,对此相关措施的出台刻不容缓.

Objective：The purposes of the present work were to investigate the prevalence and determine chronic diseases among empty-nesters in Lintao county of Dingxi city,and also to provide a basis for improving the health of empty nesters.Methods：300 empty-nester elderly people who were selected by cluster sampling methods from the over 65 years old in Lintao county.The database was established and analyzed by SPSS19.0.Results：The prevalence rate of chronic disease in300 empty-nesters in Lintao county was 85.67%.The top five chronic diseases were hypertension（47.67%）,joint disease（45%）,lumbar disc herniation（32.67%）,gastroenteritis（21.67%）and diabetes（14.33%）,respectively.The main factors affecting the prevalence of chronic diseases were gender,smoking,drinking,exercises,sleep and breakfast（P〈0.05）.In the investigation of empty-nesters,53.33%had the sense of loneliness in their daily lives,and with loneliness and chronic disease prevalence rate difference was statistically significant（2=11.053,P〈0.001）.Conclusion：Due to higher chronic disease morbidity rate of empty-nest elderly comprehensive intervention measures should be adopted to control chronic disease morbidity rate.