大、小鼠支气管肺泡灌洗术的研究进展

Research progress of bronchoalveolar lavage in rats and mice

支气管肺泡灌洗术是研究呼吸系统及其病变的一种重要的动物实验技术,它可以获得呼吸道及肺部深处多种生化因子、炎症介质和免疫细胞等,为动物实验研究提供重要的评价指标和参考依据,是探讨呼吸系统性疾病的一种有效可靠的方法。目前应用于人的支气管肺泡灌洗术已经逐步标准化并在临床广泛开展,但没有一套针对实验动物大小鼠的支气管肺泡灌洗操作的标准。支气管肺泡灌洗液的检测结果受诸多因素共同影响,如灌洗液、灌注压力、灌洗量和回收量以及灌洗液在肺部停留时间等,成功而高效获取灌洗标本是研究和评价呼吸系统性疾病的关键所在。本文总结了目前国内外研究人员常用的灌洗操作方法,为今后进一步开展相关的实验研究提供参考。

Bronchoalveolar lavage is an important animal experimental technique in the study of respiratory system and its pathological changes. It can acquire a variety of biochemical factors,inflammatory mediators and immune cells from the respiratory tract and lungs, and provides an important evaluation index and reference for animal experiment.Bronchoalveolar lavage is an effective and reliable method for the diagnosis of respiratory diseases. It has been gradually standardized and widely used in clinical practice at present,however,there is no set of standard for bronchoalveolar lavage in rats and mice. The results of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid are affected by many factors,such as the lavage fluid,suction pressure,the amount of lavage and recovery,and the retention time of lavage fluid in the lungs. Successful and efficient acquisition of lavage specimens is the key to the study and evaluation of respiratory diseases. This paper summarizes the current lavage methods commonly used by domestic and foreign researchers,and provides a reference for further research in the this field.