姜薯高效离体再生体系的建立

Establisment of Highly Effective in Vitro Regeneration System of Dioscorea alata L.

为建立姜薯的高效离体再生体系,以姜薯的侧枝茎节为外植体,对影响植株离体再生的关键因素进行研究。结果表明,外植体最佳灭菌方式为75%乙醇消毒30s,结合0.1%升汞(加数滴吐温-20)浸泡11min;最佳初代芽诱导培养基为MS+0.8mg/L 6-BA+0.1mg/L NAA,诱导率达80.0%;最佳继代增殖培养基为MS+1.2mg/L 6-BA,增殖系数达2.15;最适生根培养基为1/2MS+0.5mg/L NAA+0.2mg/L IBA+0.3g/L AC,培养30、50d后生根率分别达84.4%和98.9%;试管苗移栽于基质(珍珠岩:椰糠=1:1)后的成活率达80.0%以上;组培苗种植于大田,生长健壮,成功结薯。以侧枝茎节为外植体,经腋芽增殖,建立了姜薯高效离体再生体系,为姜薯的良种快繁、种质资源保存和品种改良打下了基础。

In order to establish an efficient in vitro regeneration system ofDioscorea alata L., the branch nodes were as explants and the key factors affecting plant regeneration in vitro were studied. As results, the best sterilization method for explants was 75% alcohol used for 30 seconds and 0.1% HgCI2 adding a few drops of Tween-20 for 11 minutes.The optimum medium for inducing buds from explants was MS＋0.8mg/L 6-BA＋0.1mg/L NAA, resulting in the induction rate 80.0%. The best multiplication medium was MS＋ 1.2mg/L 6-BA, the multiplication coefficient was 2.15. The optimum rooting medium was 1/2 MS＋0.5mgFL NAA＋0.2mg/L IBA＋0.3g/L AC, with rooting rate 84.4% after 30 days and 98.9% after 50 days. The surviving rate ofplantlets was above 80.0%, after transplanting into the mixture of 1/2 pearlite and 1/2 coconut shell powder. The plantlets grew well and produced tubers. It was established an efficient in vitro regeneration system of Dioscorea alata L., with the branch nodes as explants and axillary bud proliferation method, which laid a foundation for rapid propagation, germplasm resources conservation and cultivar improvement of Dioscorea alata L..