2016年浙江省丽水市居民健康素养监测结果分析

Analysis on health literacy surveillance results in residents in Lishui, 2016

目的 为掌握浙江省丽水市居民健康素养的状况和变化趋势,分析居民健康素养影响因素,为今后健康教育工作提供科学依据。方法 利用分层多阶段随机抽样方法,使用全国统一问卷进行入户调查,由调查对象独立完成问卷,描述性流行病学方法对调查结果进行分析。结果 共调查1 205名15~69岁常住人口,丽水市居民具备健康素养的总体水平为20.40%,男性20.06%,女性20.33%;城市居民为26.30%,农村居民为16.54%;25~34岁年龄组居民、大专以上文化程度及机关事业单位人员健康素养水平最高,分别为31.03%、53.80%和52.51%。健康生活方式与行为、基本知识和理念、基本技能的素养水平分别为23.53%、27.68%和28.61%。六类健康问题中慢性病防治（10.69%）和基本医疗（21.72%）具备水平低。教育水平、职业和家庭年收入是影响居民健康素养的主要因素。结论 丽水市健康素养水平距国家卫生和计划生育委员会要求还有一定差距,农村地区、中老年人以及文化程度较低者是健康教育的重点区域和人群,慢性病防治和基本医疗是重点方向。

Objective To understand the health literacy of residents and related factors in Lishui, Zhejiang province, and provide scientific evidence for the future health education. Methods After multi-stage stratified random sampling, a household survey was conducted with a national standard questionnaire in Lishui. Descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted on the survey results. Results A total of 1 205 residents aged 15 -69 years were surveyed. The overall level of adjusted health literacy （AHL） was 20. 40% in residents in Lishui, with 20. 06% in males and 20. 33% in females, 26. 30% in urban residents and 16. 54% in rural residents. Age group 25 - 34 years, people with college degree or above, and white collar workers had higher AHL levels （31.03%, 53.80% and 52. 51% ）. The AHL level of healthy lifestyle and behavior, basic healthy knowledge and concept, and basic healthy life skills were 23.53%, 27.68% and 28.61% respectively. The AHL levels about chronic disease prevention and basic medical care were low among the six types of health problems （ 10. 69% and 21.72% ）. Education level, occupation and annual family income level were the main factors that could affect people＇s AHL level. Conelusion There was still a gap between the resident＇s AHL level in Lishui and the national requirements. It is necessary to strengthen the health education in rural area, in middle-aged and elderly population as well as people with lower education level with the emphasis on prevention and treatment of chronic diseases and basic medical care service.