先秦非儒家学派的先王道统说及其在汉代的史笔化与融合

Confucian Orthodoxy of the Late Kings by the Non-Confucian Scholars in the Pre-Qin Dynasty and Its Historiography and Mixture in the Han dynasty

伴随诸子并起和百家思想争鸣的历史,在先秦儒家之外的思想学派如墨家、法家、道家、名家及管子学派那里,也有关于上古先王谱系与道统内涵的表述,既有与儒家孔孟荀之谱系说大体相同者,又有向历史上追寻到更为久远者,从而形成不同的历史观和各自的道统说,并与其思想主张相呼应。在诸子百家相互吸收与融合过程中,儒家道统说与非儒家道统说形成合流,在两汉史家的著述中史笔化,成为后世道统说传承的一个载体,也呈现思想史的面貌。

In the history of diverse philosophers and different ideological contending in ancient China, e- ven with the ideological schools apart from Mohist School, Legalists, Taoists, the Logician and Guanzhong School, there were many narratives about ancient late kings＇ pedigree and orthodoxy. For these narratives, some of them were similar to the pedigree of Confucian School, and some were traced back to the far ancient roots. All these different narratives formed differently historical perspective and different orthodoxy system, still they shared similar traditions. In the process of mixture of different schools, Confucian orthodoxy and non- Confucian orthodoxy tended to interflow with each other, and they became obvious in the works of historians in the Han dynasty, serving as a carrier for inheriting the Confucian orthodoxy as well as presenting the overviews of the history of ideology.