基于双权重模糊综合评判的南京空气质量评价

Application of fuzzy comprehensive assessment grounded on double weighing factors in assessment of Nanjing air quality

为了更加合理地评价空气污染程度,基于传统的浓度超标赋权单因子法,将污染物毒性纳入考虑,建立了双权重因子模糊综合评价模型,并应用于南京市空气质量评价。双权重评价结果与浓度超标赋权单因子法评价结果对比如下:南京市空气主要污染物为PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)和NO_23种,2013—2016年空气质量逐年改善,夏秋季节空气质量明显优于冬春季节。双权重因子模型计算所得的PM_(2.5)的空气污染权重是单因子法的2倍,PM_(2.5)与PM_(10)所占的空气污染权重占60%以上,显著高于其他污染因子,这是由于颗粒污染物较强的毒性所致。相对于单因子法,双因子权重法考虑了不同污染因子的危害程度,是一种更客观的空气污染评价方法。

In order to effectively evaluate the degree of air pollution,a double factor fuzzy comprehensive assessment method, taking toxicity into consideration, based on traditional single factor method was proposed and applied for air quality assessment of Nanjing. Also, the assessment result was compared with the result of single weighing factor method. Both the assessment results from the two methods indicate that the main pollutants are PM2.5, PM10 and NO2.The Nanjing air quality has been improved year by year since 2013.The air quality of summer and fall is better than winter and spring. The weight of PM2.5 counted by two weighing factors is twice bigger than single weighing factor. The weight of PM2.5 and PM10 takes up more than 60% of the total, and is significantly higher than other pollution factors due to strong toxicity of particulates. Compared with single factor method, two weighing factor method is a more objective assessment method because extent of jury of different pollutants is taken into consideration.