曲靖中海拔红壤烟区烤烟锌含量分布状况及土壤影响因子分析

Analysis of Zinc Content Distribution in Flue-cured Tobacco Leaf and Its Influencing Factors in Mid-altitude Area of Red Earth in Qujing

为明确曲靖中海拔红壤烟区烟叶锌含量分布状况,利用田间实地调查及室内化验分析方法,研究了该区604个烟样的锌含量分布及与土壤有效锌、p H、有机质和速效磷之间的关系。结果表明:(1)曲靖中海拔红壤烟区烟叶锌含量较高,平均为(46.35±16.43)mg/kg,变幅为16.66~109.89 mg/kg,处于我国烟叶锌含量适宜范围的样品占94.54%;不同产区间烟叶锌含量差异显著,且不同品种间烟叶锌含量表现为红花大金元>云烟87>云烟85>云烟97>K326;(2)烟叶锌与土壤有效锌极显著相关,在不同土壤有效锌组间烟叶锌含量差异达P<0.05的显著水平;(3)烟叶锌含量与土壤p H、有机质、速效磷含量均呈极显著负相关。因此土壤有效锌、p H、有机质、速效磷含量的高低均会不同程度地影响烟叶锌含量,进而影响烟叶品质,这也为合理调控烟叶锌含量、科学平衡施肥提供了参考。

In order to clear and definite the distribution of tobacco zinc content in mid-altitude red earth area in Qujing city, this paper studied 604 tobacco samples in this area about their distribution of tobacco zinc content and its relationship with soil available zinc content, pH, organic matter and available P content using field investigation and laboratory analysis method. The results showed that： ① The zinc content in tobacco leaves in mid-altitude red earth area in Qujing city was high, averagely ranging from 16.66± 109.89 mg/kg with the mean of （46.35± 16.43） mg/kg, and there were 94.54% of the zinc content in tobacco leaves suit with the standard in China. There were significantly differences in zinc content of flue-cured tobacco leaves produced in different areas. The order of zinc content in main tobacco cuhivars were Hongda〉Yunyan 87〉Yunyan 85〉Yunyan 97〉K326. ② The zinc content in flue-cured tobacco leaves was highly correlated with soil available zinc content, the zinc content in tobacco leaves was significantly different among different groups at the P〈0.05 level. ③ The zinc content in flue-cured tobacco leaves were greatly affected by soil pH, organic matter and available P content, and were negatively correlated. Thus, the available zinc content, pH, organic matter and available phosphorus content in soil could affect the zinc content in tobacco leaves by different degrees, and then affect the quality of tobacco leaves. These results provided references for reasonable adjust and control of zinc content in tobacco leaves, and scientific balanced fertilization.