蝙蝠传染病白鼻综合症研究进展

Advances in Research on White-Nose Syndrome, an Infectious Diseases of Bats

于2006年爆发的蝙蝠传染病白鼻综合症(WNS)使大量的蝙蝠物种面临死亡威胁。研究发现,蝙蝠白鼻综合症是由好寒性真菌锈腐假裸囊子菌(Pseudogymnoascus destructans)引起,通过侵染皮肤表面而使冬眠期蝙蝠表现出一系列异常行为,导致其储存的能量和脂肪提早耗尽,最终死亡。本文对白鼻综合症发病症状、传播规律、致病机理和免疫遗传反应等研究进行了论述,并进一步提出了研究展望。

White-nose syndrome（WNS）, an infectious disease outbreaking in 2006 drove a large amount of bat species to face the threat of death. Some studies show that WNS is caused by psychrophilic fungus, Pseudogymnoascus destructans, which leads to a series of aberrant behaviors of hibernating bats by invading cutaneous tissues. These aberrant behaviors in turn cause rapid depletion of limited fat and energy stores, as well as death of infected bats. In this paper, we review the studies on disease symptom, transmission rule, pathogenesis and immune genetic response and suggest some directions of future researches in this field.