基于“点击反应”的官能化环酯单体的合成及聚酯性能研究进展

The Synthesis of Functional Cyclic Ester Monomers Based on“Click Reaction”and the Properties of Their Polyesters

聚酯高分子材料在医药生物材料领域有很广泛的应用,尤其是可作为药物缓释材料应用在人体当中。作为药物缓释材料的聚酯,需要具有较多的修饰位点,便于药物分子或其它小分子的键合。为了能够简便地、高效地将小分子键合到聚酯链上,可采用目前热门的"点击反应"进行小分子键合,这就需要将涉及"点击反应"的官能团引入到聚酯链上。由于采用合成聚酯的方法多为开环聚合反应,就需制备出双键和叁键官能化环酯类单体,便于以开环聚合方法制备官能化聚酯。本文综述了近年来基于"点击反应"而合成的官能化环酯类单体,将酯类单体分为三类进行了合成方法的详细介绍,重点归纳了所得到的官能化聚酯的聚合结果及其所键合的分子,阐述了官能化聚酯所具有的新性质,最后对这类聚酯材料的应用前景做了展望。

Polyester materials have a wide range of applications in medical fields, in particular, they can be used as a drug releasing materials in the human body. Polyesters used as drug releasing materials need to meet the requirements of having enough modification sites to facilitate bonding drug molecules or other small molecules. For conveniently and efficiently bonding of small molecular to the polyester chains, the current hot reaction ＂click reaction＂ have to be invovled to bond small molecular, which requires to introduce the functional groups into the polyester chain for the ＂click reaction＂. Therefore, it is necessary to prepare cyclic ester monomers functionalized with double bonds and triple bonds for further ring-opening polymerization to obtain polyesters with double bonds and triple bonds on the chains. In this review, we introduce the functional cyclic ester monomers which polymers can be modified by ＂ click reaction＂ in recent years. We divided the cyclic ester monomers into three kinds to introduce the synthetic methods in details. Research progresses of the results in the functional polyesters are highlighted, with focusing on the molecular bonded with the polyester chains and the new properties they have. Furthermore, the applications of the functional polyesters materials are prospected.