“民主政治”并非“选举第一”——基于陕甘宁边区1941年选举的分析

“Democratic Politics” Is Not “Election First”——Analysis on the Election of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region in 1941

1941年陕甘宁边区举行了第二次选举,边区政府提出了"民主政治选举第一"的观点。1942年西北局高干会上,任弼时代表中共中央批评了这一观点,指出"民主政治"首要的是如何组织人民的经济生活和文化生活,特别是经济生活,而非"选举第一",选举只是民主的一个方面或一种形式。1944年西北局高干会回顾和研究了1941年的选举。西北局和边区政府指出,在民主选举中,形式上民主,实质上未必合理,真正的民主是选好人、选对人;民主是有阶级性的、是具体的,要具体问题具体分析。

In 1941 ,the second election was held in Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia border region. The border region government proposed the slogan of ＂democratic politics, election first＂. But at the senior cadres meeting of northwest bureau of in 1942, Ren Bishi criticized this view on behalf of the Central Committee of the CPC, and pointed out that democratic politics is the first way to organize people＇s economic life and cultural life, especially economic life ,rather than ＂ election first＂; election is a part or a form of democracy, not democracy itself. At the another senior cadres meeting of northwest bureau of the Central Committee of the CPC in 1944, the party and the government of the border region had reviewed and researched the experiences of the election campaign in 1941 ,and pointed out that formal democracy was not necessarily reasonable in essence in democratic elections, and real democracy was to choose the right people. Democracy was of class nature and concrete, and when discussing, the class analysis should be used and concrete problems should be analyzed concretely.