新疆地区不同民族体检人群甲状腺结节检出情况及相关因素的分析

Detection of thyroid nodules and its related factors among people from different nationalities in Xinjiang

目的探讨新疆地区汉族、维吾尔族及哈萨克族体检人群甲状腺结节的检出率及相关因素。方法对新疆医科大学第一附属医院体检中心的5870例健康体检者进行身高、体重、血压、血生化检查，以不同民族进行分组，比较各组性别、年龄、吸烟史、饮酒史、收缩压、舒张压、甘油三酯、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、空腹血糖、尿酸、尿素氮及体重指数并进行相关性分析。结果哈萨克族体检人群甲状腺结节检出率（39．8％）高于维吾尔族（30．9％）及汉族（28．0％），3个民族女性甲状腺结节检出率均高于男性，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。汉族、维吾尔族和哈萨克族体检者性别、年龄、吸烟史、饮酒史、收缩压、舒张压、甘油三酯、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、空腹血糖、尿酸、体重指数比较，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。其中，性别、吸烟史、收缩压、舒张压、尿素氮是汉族人群患甲状腺结节的危险因素；性别、年龄、吸烟史、收缩压、空腹血糖、尿素氮是维吾尔族人群患甲状腺结节的危险因素；性别、年龄、吸烟史、收缩压是哈萨克族人群患甲状腺结节的危险因素（P〈0．05）。结论新疆地区不同民族间甲状腺结节的检出率及相关因素不同。应针对不同民族人群甲状腺结节的相关因素采取有效的防治措施。

Objective To explore the detection rates and related factors of thyroid nodules among Han, Uyghur and Kazakh nationalities. Methods The height ,weight,blood pressure and blood biochemistry were inspected of 5 870 people in the physical examination center of the first affiliated hospital of Xinjiang medical university. People were grouped by different nationalities. Gender, age, smoking history, drinking history, systolic blood pressure （SBP） , diastolic blood pressure （ DBP ） , triglyeeride （ TG ） , total cholesterol （ TC ）, high density lipoprotein cholesterol （ HDL-C ）, low density lipoprotein cholesterol （ LDL-C ）, fasting plasma glucose（FPG） , uric acid （ UA ） , blood urea nitrogen （ BUN ） and body mass index （ BMI ） were compared and analyzed. Results The detection rate of thyroid nodules in Kazakh nationality was 39.8%, which was higher than that in Uyghur nationality（30.9% ） and Han nationality（28.0% ）. The detection rate of thyroid nodules in women was higher than that in men in ＇all three nationalities and the differences were statistically significant（ P 〈 0.05 ）. There were significant differences in gender, age, smoking history, drinking history, SBP, DBP,TG, TC, HDL-C, LDL-C, FPG, UA and BMI among Han, Uyghur and Kazakh nationalities（P 〈 0.05 ）. Gender, smoking history, SBP, DBP and BUN were the risk factors of thyroid nodules in Han nationality（P 〈 0.05 ）. Gender, age, smoking history, SBP, FPG and BUN were the risk factors of thyroid nodules in Uyghur nationality （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Gender, age, smoking history and SBP were the risk factors of thyroid nodules in Kazakh nationality （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion There are different relevant factors of thyroid nodules among Han, Uyghur and Kazakh nationalities in Xinjiang area. Effective measures should be taken to control thyroid nodule relevant factors based on ethnic differences.