劳动力市场的工资差异变动分析

Analysis of Changes in the Wage Differentials in Labor Market

基于中国家庭追踪调查2010年、2014年两期面板数据,利用固定效应模型消除不可观测的个体异质性的影响,对城镇劳动力市场的工资差异变动进行分位数分解。通过分析发现,城镇劳动力和农村劳动力工资变化的差异,能够由个体特征变化解释的部分所占比例较低,绝大部分都是由户籍歧视造成的,工资分布顶端的歧视现象更加严重。这说明长期以来与户籍制度相关的资源和利益分配规则难以在短期内完全消失,近年来中国劳动力市场上的户籍工资歧视问题并未得到明显改善。

This paper carries on a quantile decomposition on changes of wage differentials in the urban labor market and applies the fixed effect model to eliminate the influence of the unobservable individual heterogeneity using data from China Family Panel Studies in 2010 and 2014. The results show that changes in the wage differentials,between urban and rural workers,can be explained lowly by changes in the individual characteristics which is the reasonable part. Most of them are caused by discrimination in household registration,and the discrimination at the top of the wage distribution is more serious. It shows that the rules of resource and benefit distribution associated with the household registration system are difficult to disappear in the short term. In recent years,the issue of household registration discrimination in Chinese labor market has not been improved significantly.