中低技术产业与知识密集型创业之间存在“悖论”吗?

Are Low and Medium-Low-Technology Industries Intrinsically Unsuitable for Knowledge-Intensive Entrepreneurship?

传统创新理论关于中低技术产业不可能出现知识密集型创业的观点被现实所否定,新理论认为,打破这类产业的技术锁定具有很强的吸引力,而产业内部主导技术的局限性和产业外部的知识进步提供了技术和市场机会,少数新生企业或能摆脱自身过滤机制束缚的在位企业能利用这种机会取得成功。知识密集型创业的知识特征在不同产业间并无显著区别,中低技术产业中的知识密集型创业活动总体上呈现为市场驱动型、科技驱动型、能力驱动型和竞争压力驱动型四种模式,这类创业活动对中低技术产业中的企业乃至整个产业和价值链的竞争力和绩效都具有显著积极意义,科技与创新政策应该关注这类活动并给予积极支持。

The opinion of traditional innovation theories that knowledge-intensive entrepreneurship( KIE) in low-and medium-low-technology( LMT) industries is impossible proves to be wrong by reality. New theorty argues that unlocking the technological lock-in in LMT industries provides a powerful motivation for KIE,meanwhile limitations of dominant technology,which become apparent because of the stability of these industries,and knowledge progress outside LMT industries provide technological and market opportunities. A few startups or existing enterprises that are capable of breaking away from their own filtering mechanisms can exploit these opportunities and make success. As for the knowledge dimension of KIE,almost no significant difference exists in different industries,KIE in LMT industries follow four patterns,i. e.,market-driven,science and technology-driven,capability-driven and competitive-pressure-driven pattern. Such activities have significantly positive impacts on competitiveness and performance of LMT enterprises and their value chain and even on the entire industries they belonging to. Therefore,science,technology and innovation policies should give attention and active support to these activities.