中小型水库抗暴雨能力的概念与计算方法

Concept and Calculation of Small- and Medium-Sized Reservoir's Retaining Capacity

我国中小型水库众多,且大多位于山丘区,具有集雨面积小、洪水突发性强、预见期短、防洪能力弱等特点。中小型水库抗暴雨能力预报预警是有效提升中小型水库安全度汛能力的重要非工程措施。系统阐述了中小型水库抗暴雨能力的概念与含义,基于试算反推法给出了抗暴雨能力的计算步骤,并在典型中小型水库进行了应用。研究表明:选用抗暴雨能力作为中小型水库防汛调度参考指标,可以有效延长洪水预见期,大幅提升中小型水库安全度汛能力。

China has a lot of small- and medium-sized reservoirs located in ungauged hilly areas, most of which has small catch - ment area and short response time in face of flash floods. Early warning of the retaining capacity is one of the important non-structural measures to improve the flood control capacity of small- and medium-sized reservoirs during flood season. The concept of small- and medium-sized reservoir’s retaining capacity was proposed and explained systematically for the first time in this paper, and the calculation method was described step by step in one studied reservoir. This study shows that the concept of retaining ca - pacity can be used as an early warning method to extend the leading time of flood forecast and so to improve the small - and medium-sized reservoir’s flood control capacity.