妊娠晚期孕妇分娩自我效能感现状及影响因素分析

The status quo of self-efficacy of pregnant women on late gestation and analysis of its influencing factors

[目的]探讨妊娠晚期孕妇分娩自我效能感现状及影响因素,为增强孕妇分娩自我效能感、减少孕晚期焦虑情绪、提高自然分娩率提供参考依据。[方法]运用一般资料调查问卷、分娩自我效能感量表、焦虑自评量表对480例妊娠晚期孕妇进行调查;采用SPSS16.0软件对数据进行统计学分析。[结果]妊娠晚期孕妇分娩自我效能感得分为199.70分±75.46分;焦虑、学历、对妊娠及分娩过程的了解程度、是否参加讲座、初产妇是否有生二胎的意愿、经产妇之前的分娩体验、分娩知识来源于医护人员及医院宣传资料为其影响因素。[结论]妊娠晚期孕妇分娩自我效能感处于中等水平,受多种因素影响,护理人员应通过护理干预等措施帮助孕妇改善其影响因素、保持良好的分娩心态,增强其自然分娩信心,从而提高自然分娩率。

Objective:to explore the status quo of delivery self-efficacy of pregnant women on late gestation and its influencing factors,in order to provide the reference basis of enhancing delivery self-efficacy,reducing late gestation anxiety,and promoting natural birth rate.Methods:A total of 480 pregnant women were investigated by the General information questionnaire,Delivery Self-efficacy Scale and Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS).Data were analyzed by SPSS16.0 software.Results:The score of self-efficacy of pregnant women on late gestation was(199.70±75.46)points.The influencing factors were anxiety,educational background,knowledge degree of pregnancy and childbirth,whether participating lectures,the willingness of the second childbirth of first-time mother,childbirth experience of multipara,and childbirth knowledge were from the medical staff and hospital publicity materials.Conclusion:The level of delivery self-efficacy of pregnant women on late gestation were in the medium level and affected by many factors.Nursing staff should help pregnant women through the nursing intervention measures to improve the influencing factors,maintain good emotion on delivery,and enhance their confidence in natural childbirth,thus improve the natural birth rate.