论斯卡伯勒的现象学神话理论

On Scarborough's Phenomenological Theory of Myth

现代神话学的基本立场是对神话的否定,这一理论偏见来源于启蒙运动以来西方现代性观念中的一些基本预设,尤其是主体与客体或内在经验与外在世界的划分这一二元论。但现代性观念未能取消神话,神话一直潜藏在现代性内部,甚至在其核心如现代物理学之中。斯卡伯勒的神话研究,在胡塞尔、梅洛-庞蒂等人的现象学及迈克尔·波兰尼的知识论基础上,超越了现代理论偏见,提出了一个"面向神话本身"的现象学神话理论方案。

Denying the myth is the basic standpoint of modern mythologies,which has root in the fundamental presupposition of modernity since the Enlightenment in west world.The most significant one is the dualism between subject and object or inner experience and outer world.Nonetheless modernity failed to eliminate myth and myth lurked behind the modernity,even in the heart of it-modern physics.On the basis of phenomenology of Husserl and Merleau-Ponty and Michael Polanyi's knowledge theory,Scarborough's study of myth transcended the modern prejudice and proposed a phenomenological theory on myth which faces myth itself.