《逸周书》篇题之“解”考论

“解” in Piece Titles of Yi Zhou Shu(逸周书):A Study

《逸周书》篇题之"解"非后人所加,它有其新异之处,它源自"结绳""解结"遗俗,独立为述解体,是后世训释体的开端。孔子的"述而不作",源自瞽史。孔子学派不仅在传经、解经中传承瞽史之作,而且在师法、家法中体现瞽史之职,奠定并弘扬瞽史传统。二戴《礼记》是孔子学派早期传承瞽史之作的荟萃,是诸子传记萌生的渊薮。上古以来,典籍的传承显著呈现出带有规律性的现象,典籍的传承至少经历了瞽史、孔子和诸子三个时期。《逸周书·史记解》当为西周"故志",而上博简书《容成氏》,当为古楚国"故志"类典籍。《荀子》中《大略》《宥坐》等六篇,当为《韩非子》"六储说"和《说林》的先导。经学、史学、子学以及古代文体等均与瞽史有着深远的渊源。

＂解＂ in piece titles of Yi Zhou Shu（逸周书） is not added by futurity,it originates from the relic of ＂结绳＂ and ＂解结＂ and then forms an independent style of narration and explanation which is the start of annotation style in later generations.The Confucius＇ saying of passing on the ancient culture without adding anything new to it originates from the history compiled by the blind.The Confucian school not only inherits the writings of the history compiled by the blind in passing on and decoding scripture,it also embodies the duty in modeling its members after a great master and family rules.Book of Rites written by Dai De and Dai Sheng is an aggregator of writings of history compiled by the blind and the gathering place of the biographies of the Scholars.In early ancient times,the inheritance of the classics shows a notable regularity and experiences at least periods of the history compiled by the blind,Confucius and the Scholars.Shi Ji Jie（史记解） of Yi Zhou Shu（逸周书） should be the old records of the Western Zhou,while the book of Rongcheng Shi of Bamboo Slips in Shanghai Museum should be a classic of the same category of the ancient Chu.The six pieces including Dalue and Youzuo should be the forerunner of the six treasure houses of tales of Han Fei Zi and Shuo Lin.The history compiled by the blind is closely connected to the studies of Confucian classics,history science,study of the Scholars and ancient literary styles.