预防性健康体检快速筛查沙门志贺氏菌的价值研究

Study on the value of PCR for rapid screening Salmonella/Shigella in preventive health physical examination

目的探讨PCR方法快速筛查健康体检沙门志贺氏菌的临床价值。方法选取2011年7月至2015年6月3 256例健康体检人员作为研究对象,采用实时荧光PCR法和培养法检测沙门志贺氏菌,比较两种方法筛查沙门志贺氏菌的优劣。结果沙门氏菌PCR法检出46例,检出率为为1.41%,传统培养法检出41例,检出率为1.26%;志贺氏菌PCR法检出39例,检出率为1.20%,传统培养法检出数32例,检出率为0.98%,两者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。PCR法检测沙门氏菌灵敏度100.00%、特异性为99.84%,检测志贺氏菌灵敏度100.00%,特异性为99.78%。PCR法在人力、办证时间、满意度上优于传统培养法,成本上显著高于传统培养法,两者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且PCR法技术含量高、客观性强。结论实时荧光PCR法能很好地筛查肠道致病菌,提高沙门志贺氏菌检出率和准确性,省时省力,效率高。

Objective To investigate the clinical value of PCR method for rapid screening Salmonella/Shigella in health physical examination. Methods A total of 3 256 cases who were taken health physical examination from July 201 1 to June 2015 , were selected as the research object. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR method and the culture method were used for detecting Salmonella/Shigella, and two methods were compared on their strengths and weaknesses for screening Salmonella/Shigella. Results A total of 46 cases with Salmonella were detected by PCR？and the ratio was 1. 41% ;41 cases with Salmonella were detected by traditional culture method,and the ratio was 1. 26%. 39 cases with Shigella were detected by PCR and,the ratio was 1. 20% ;32 cases were detected by traditional culture method,and the ratio was 0. 98%. The difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. Sensitivity and specificity of PCR to detect Salmonella were 100. 00% and 99. 84% , respectively, and sensitivity and specificity of PCR to detect Shigella were 100. 00% and 99. 78% respectively. The PCR method is better than the traditional culture method concerning man-power, processing time？and satisfaction of test-takers？ and the cost of PCR method is significantly higher than that of traditional culture, with a significant difference （P〈0.05）. PCR method contains high technology and has strong objectivity. Conclusion Real time fluorescent quantitative PCR method, with high efficiency,can be employed well for screening intestinal tract pathogenic bacte-ria, improve the detection rate and accuracy for detecting Shigella and Salmonella, and save time and energy as well.