基于横贯能力的美术教育研究——以高校学前教育专业为例

Research on Art Education Based on Transversal Competences—A Case Study of Preschool Education Major in Colleges and Universities

横贯能力是横跨不同学科和领域的思维、内容以及技术等方面的整合能力,横贯能力对学前教育专业的美术教育意义重大。基于横贯能力的美术教育价值在于:有助于提升学前教师的综合素养,有利于形成包容开放的儿童美术教育观,有利于构建可持续发展的立体式学前美术教育系统。基于横贯能力的美术教育实践应注意:明确横贯能力和横贯思维的含义、关系,确立横贯能力的美术教育目标与内容,明确横贯能力的美术教育方法和原则,横贯能力在学前教育专业美术教育中的实施与体现。基于横贯能力的美术教育条件保障有:教师需革新教育理念和教学方法,教师需转变思维打破以学科为中心的教育观,人才培养方案的制定需以提高学生的综合素养为出发点。基于横贯能力的美术教育旨在通过立体式美术教育,重构美术学习的经验,形成与传统美术教育不同的美术教育模式,进而更好地培养具备综合素养的复合型人才。

Transversal competences is the ability of integration skills in thinking, content, and technology, it plays an important role in the art education of Preschool Education Major. The value of art education based on transversal competence is that it helps to improve the compre-hensive quality of preschool teachers, and it is conducive to the formation of inclusive and open concept of children ＊ s art education, and is in fa-vor of the construction of a sustainable and three-dimensional preschool art education system. The art education practice based on transversal competences should pay attention to defining the meaning and relationship of transversal competences and transversal thinking, establishing the target and content of art education, making clear the method and principle of art education, and the implementation and embodiment of transver-sal competences in the art education of preschool education major. The guarantee of art education based on transversal competence is that teach-ers need to reform their educational concepts and teaching methods. Teachers need to change their thinking and break the discipline centered education view. The formulation of talent training programs should be based on the improvement of studentsJ comprehensive quality. The art ed-ucation based on transversal competences aims at reconstructing the experience of art learning through stereoscopic art education,forming a fine art education model which is different from the traditional art education,further cultivating the compound talents with comprehensive quality.