湖北省蚕豆地方品种产量性状的遗传变异分析

Genetic Variation of Yield Traits of Faba Bean Landraces in Hubei Province

对湖北省211份蚕豆(Vicia faba L.)地方品种的8个产量性状进行了测定,通过频数分布、相关性和聚类分析,研究了其遗传变异情况。结果表明,不同地方品种产量性状变异范围较大,株高、有效分枝数、单株荚数、单荚粒数、粒长、粒宽、百粒重和单株产量的变异范围分别为52.6~135.5 cm、1.6~8.0个、6.1~33.3个、1.2~2.6粒、5.1~10.2 cm、1.1~1.9 cm、42.5~88.6 g、7.0~29.7 g,均值分别为100.9 cm、3.9个、14.7个、1.8粒、6.7 cm、1.6 cm、65.2 g和15.8 g。相关分析表明,株高与单株产量和有效分枝数呈正相关,与百粒重、单荚粒数和荚长呈负相关。有效分枝数与单株荚数和单株产量呈正相关,与单荚粒数和荚长呈负相关。单株荚数与单株产量呈正相关,与单粒荚数、荚长、百粒重呈负相关。单荚粒数与荚长和单株产量呈正相关,与百粒重呈负相关。单株产量与荚长、荚宽、百粒重呈正相关。荚宽与百粒呈正相关。聚类分析表明,211份地方品种聚为3类。以上结果可为充分利用湖北地方品种进行蚕豆遗传育种与亲本选配提供参考。

The yield traits of 211 faba bean（Vicia faba L.） landraces of Hubei province were measured.The genetic variation among the landraces was surveyed by analysis of frequency distribution,correlation and cluster.The results showed there was large variation among the yield traits.Plant height,valid branch,pod number per plant,grain number per pod,pod length,pod width,100-grain weight and yield per plant ranged from 52.6 to135.5 cm,1.6 to 8.0,6.1 to 33.3,1.2 to 2.6,5.1 to 10.2 cm,1.1 to 1.9 cm,42.5 to 88.6 g and 7.0 to 29.7 g,with the average of 100.9 cm,3.9,14.7,1.8,6.7 cm,1.6 cm,65.2 g and 15.8 g,respectively.The correlation analysis showed that plant height was positively correlated to yield per plant and valid branch,but negatively correlated to 100-grain weight,grain number per pod and pod length.Valid branch was positively correlated to pod number per plant and yield per plant,but negatively correlated to grain number per pod.Pod number per plant was positively correlated to yield per plant but negatively correlated to grain number per pod,pod length and 100-grain weight.Grain number per pod was positively correlated to pod length and yield per plant,but negatively correlated to 100-grain weight.Yield per plant was positively correlated to pod length,pod width and 100-grain weight.Pod width is positively correlated to 100-grain weight.211 landraces were clustered to three clades.One clade is characterized by higher plant,more valid branch and pod number per plant,and higher yield per plant,the other clade showed lower plant,more grain number per pod,longer pod and bigger grain,and the third clade included only one landrace with the characterization of more pod per plant,wider pod,bigger grain and higher yield.The results are helpful for using the landraces to conduct faba bean genetic research and breeding.