刺参养殖池塘周年盐度变化微观特征研究

Microcosmic characteristics of annual changes in salinity in sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus culture ponds

为研究刺参养殖池塘水体盐度跃层形成机理及盐度跃层变化规律的微观特征,对旅顺一个刺参养殖池塘水体表、底层盐度周年变化和四季代表日盐度昼夜垂直变化进行了监测。结果表明:养殖池塘表层盐度变化为24.6~31.7,底层盐度变化为28.4~31.7,夏季盐度较低;7—9月、12月到翌年3月,养殖池塘表、底层存在盐度差且底层大于表层;夏季和冬季代表日池塘盐度存在昼夜和垂直变化,夏季变化幅度较大;夏季-120 cm以下和冬季-60 cm以下水层无昼夜变化。研究表明,刺参养殖池塘上层盐度波动较大,下层基本上稳定。

The annual changes in salinity in upper layer and bottom of water and diurnal and vertical changes in salinity in the representative days of four seasons were monitored in a sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus culture pond in Lüshun,Liaoning Province to understand the change and formation mechanism of halocline in a sea cucumber culture pond. The salinity in water upper layer in the pond was found to vary from 24.6 to 31.7,and under from28.4 to 31.7,at bottom in summer. There were differences in salinity between water upper layer and bottom in the pond,higher than in the water upper layer and from July to September and December to March of the following year. Diurnal and vertical changes in salinity were observed in summer and winter,with large range of variation in summer. No diurnal changes in salinity were observed under water layer of below 120 cm in summer and below 60 cm in winter,indicating that salinity in upper layers fluctuate greatly and stable in the low layer of the water.