中国村镇规划:1979～1998

Town Planning in China:1979-1998

通过对1979-1998年间中国内地村镇规划实践的历史研究，客观评价村镇规划的地位和作用。试图回答为何在城市规划之外产生村镇规划、村镇规划发展的过程如何演进以及为何村镇规划要纳入城乡规划等规划界普遍关心但还未见系统回答的问题。研究表明，村镇规划是经济社会发展到一定阶段的必然产物，是对“以城市论城市的城市规划”的必要补充。虽然对于行政管理而言，村镇规划确实是一项繁重的“新工作”，但对于专业教育而言，村镇规划却并不能构成一个独立的“新专业”。只有将村镇规划的基本内容纳入已有的城市规划专业，或将城市规划扩展为城乡规划，才能更为恰当地反映统筹城乡发展特别是改善人居环境对于学科建设的真实要求。在此基础上，通过更进一步的实践，才能加深对于城、镇、村的规划及其相互关系的认识，形成《城乡规划法》的立法基础。

Through empirical study, this paper outlines the development of planning practice at town and village level in China from the early rural reform in 1979 to central governmental reform in 1998, when this practice was combined with traditional city planning to become the urban and rural planning. Major early efforts, such as initial planning measures, modification of planning, planning cooperation between governmental departments and pilot projects at differential spatial levels were all described and analyzed. The government＇s response to the housing booming in the countryside pushed the development of planning at town and village level. However, it does not mean that planning practice driven by government created a new profession. The greatest contribution of this planning practice is to make it a basis of the legislation for China＇s urban and rural planning law.