美国和西欧巨型城市区区域合作对比研究

Regional Cooperation in the Mega-city Regions of the United States and Western Europe:A Comparative Perspective

文章根据2008年8月5日香港大学召开的“巨型城市区管治与规划创新”国际专题讨论会上的发言＂Regional Cooperation in the Mega-city Regions of the United States and Western Europe： A Comparative Perspective＂谣出。文章回顾了美国、西欧在大都市区合作的经济发展和公共政策方面的著作文献。大都市区合作包括整个大都市区的各地方政府以及相关更高级别的政府机构，作为网络的一部分相互协作，这个网络通常包含私营部门和非盈利机构，他们关注其为经济发展所做的努力可以使得大都市区整体受益。文章研究的对象是伦敦、巴黎、纽约、洛杉矶一类拥有千万以上人口的巨型城市区（mega-city regions，MCRs）。由此提出了一系列问题：首先，对于大都市区域合作的理论研究处于什么状态，以及建立概念框架通过比较来考察巨型城市区的合作到底有怎样的用处？其次，伦敦、巴黎、纽约和洛杉矾巨型城市区的主要合作努力和制度安排是什么？第三，有什么用以指导政府管治和战略规划的理论见解及相关的公共政策？不仅能用于发达国家的巨型城市区，还能用于世界其他地区正在形成的众多巨型城市区，尽管它们在政治、经济及其他方面存在着显著差异。

This paper is translated from the speech ＂Regional Cooperation in the Mega-city Regions of the United States and Western Europe： A Comparative Perspective＂, which is delivered at the International Symposium on Mega-city Regions： Innovations in Governance and Planning held in Hong Kong University on August 5, 2008. The paper reviews the literatures on economic development and public policy of metropolitan cooperation in the United States and Western Eu- rope. Metropolitan cooperation involves all the local governments of a metropolitan region and also the related governmental organizations of higher level. They coop- erate with each other as a part of the net- work which usually includes the private sectors and nonprofit agencies that focus their economic development efforts on benefiting the metropolitan region as a whole. This paper studies the mega-city regions （MCRs）-London, Paris, New York, and Los Angeles- each of which has a population of more than ten mil- lion. Thus a number of questions are raised. Firstly, what is the state of the theoretical research on metropolitan co- operation and what is the use of developing a conceptual framework for ex- amining cooperation in MCRs from a corn parative perspective？ Secondly, what are the main cooperative efforts and institutional arrangements in the MCRs like London, Paris, New York, and Los Angeles？ Thirdly, are there any theoretical insights and related public policies guiding government administration and strategic planning that can be applied to not only the MCRs of developed countries but also to the many growing MCRs in other parts of the world, despite their significant differences in politics, economics, and other aspects？